1 There was a man of the hill country of Ephraim, whose name was Micah.
2 He said to his mother, “The eleven hundred pieces of silver that were taken from you, about which you uttered a curse, and also spoke it in my ears—behold, the silver is with me. I took it.” His mother said, “May Yahweh bless my son !”
3 He restored the eleven hundred pieces of silver to his mother, then his mother said, “I most certainly dedicate the silver to Yahweh from my hand for my son, to make a carved image and a molten image. Now therefore I will restore it to you.”
4 When he restored the money to his mother, his mother took two hundred pieces of silver, and gave them to a silversmith, who made a carved image and a molten image out of it. It was in the house of Micah.
5 The man Micah had a house of gods, and he made an ephod, and teraphim, and consecrated one of his sons, who became his priest. Notesn1 teraphim were household idols that may have been associated with inheritance rights to the household property.
6 In those days there was no king in Israel. Everyone did that which was right in his own eyes.
Note · Juges 17.1–6
Restituer l’argent ne rend pas toute son utilisation fidèle
Le vol est avoué, la malédiction remplacée par une bénédiction et une image fabriquée. Le récit ne présente pas cette succession comme une restauration sans reste : l’éphod, les théraphim et la nomination du fils constituent un culte organisé à l’initiative de Mika. La phrase sur l’absence de roi situe cette entreprise dans le désordre que le livre interroge.
7 There was a young man out of Bethlehem Judah, of the family of Judah, who was a Levite ; and he lived there.
8 The man departed out of the city, out of Bethlehem Judah, to live where he could find a place, and he came to the hill country of Ephraim, to the house of Micah, as he traveled.
9 Micah said to him, “Where did you come from ?” He said to him, “I am a Levite of Bethlehem Judah, and I am looking for a place to live.”
10 Micah said to him, “Dwell with me, and be to me a father and a priest, and I will give you ten pieces of silver per year, a suit of clothing, and your food.” So the Levite went in.
Note · Juges 17.7–10
La précarité du desservant rencontre l’intérêt du propriétaire
Le jeune Lévite cherche un lieu où vivre. Mika lui propose entretien, vêtements et salaire, en le nommant père et prêtre. Le besoin matériel n’est pas en lui-même condamné ; le problème se joue dans la relation à un culte privé dont le propriétaire attend une garantie pour sa propre maison.
11 The Levite was content to dwell with the man ; and the young man was to him as one of his sons.
12 Micah consecrated the Levite, and the young man became his priest, and was in the house of Micah.
13 Then Micah said, “Now I know that Yahweh will do good to me, since I have a Levite as my priest.”
Note · Juges 17.11–13
Un statut religieux ne met pas Dieu à disposition
La présence du Lévite remplace celle du fils dans la fonction sacerdotale et donne à Mika une certitude de faveur. Cette certitude est sa propre conclusion, non une promesse divine transmise par le narrateur. Posséder un objet, rémunérer un ministre ou appartenir à une institution ne permet pas de traiter la bénédiction comme un résultat acquis.