1 And there was a man of the hill-country of Ephraim, whose name was Micah.
2 And he said unto his mother, The eleven hundred pieces of silver that were taken from thee, about which thou didst utter a curse, and didst also speak it in mine ears, behold, the silver is with me ; I took it. And his mother said, Blessed be my son of Jehovah.
3 And he restored the eleven hundred pieces of silver to his mother ; and his mother said, I verily dedicate the silver unto Jehovah from my hand for my son, to make a graven image and a molten image : now therefore I will restore it unto thee.
4 And when he restored the money unto his mother, his mother took two hundred pieces of silver, and gave them to the founder, who made thereof a graven image and a molten image : and it was in the house of Micah.
5 And the man Micah had a house of gods, and he made an ephod, and teraphim, and consecrated one of his sons, who became his priest.
6 In those days there was no king in Israel : every man did that which was right in his own eyes.
Note · Juges 17.1–6
Restituer l’argent ne rend pas toute son utilisation fidèle
Le vol est avoué, la malédiction remplacée par une bénédiction et une image fabriquée. Le récit ne présente pas cette succession comme une restauration sans reste : l’éphod, les théraphim et la nomination du fils constituent un culte organisé à l’initiative de Mika. La phrase sur l’absence de roi situe cette entreprise dans le désordre que le livre interroge.
7 And there was a young man out of Beth-lehem-judah, of the family of Judah, who was a Levite ; and he sojourned there.
8 And the man departed out of the city, out of Beth-lehem-judah, to sojourn where he could find a place, and he came to the hill-country of Ephraim to the house of Micah, as he journeyed.
9 And Micah said unto him, Whence comest thou ? And he said unto him, I am a Levite of Beth-lehem-judah, and I go to sojourn where I may find a place.
10 And Micah said unto him, Dwell with me, and be unto me a father and a priest, and I will give thee ten pieces of silver by the year, and a suit of apparel, and thy victuals. So the Levite went in.
Note · Juges 17.7–10
La précarité du desservant rencontre l’intérêt du propriétaire
Le jeune Lévite cherche un lieu où vivre. Mika lui propose entretien, vêtements et salaire, en le nommant père et prêtre. Le besoin matériel n’est pas en lui-même condamné ; le problème se joue dans la relation à un culte privé dont le propriétaire attend une garantie pour sa propre maison.
11 And the Levite was content to dwell with the man ; and the young man was unto him as one of his sons.
12 And Micah consecrated the Levite, and the young man became his priest, and was in the house of Micah.
13 Then said Micah, Now know I that Jehovah will do me good, seeing I have a Levite to my priest.
Note · Juges 17.11–13
Un statut religieux ne met pas Dieu à disposition
La présence du Lévite remplace celle du fils dans la fonction sacerdotale et donne à Mika une certitude de faveur. Cette certitude est sa propre conclusion, non une promesse divine transmise par le narrateur. Posséder un objet, rémunérer un ministre ou appartenir à une institution ne permet pas de traiter la bénédiction comme un résultat acquis.