1 And Samson goeth down to Timnath, and seeth a woman in Timnath of the daughters of the Philistines,
2 and cometh up and declareth to his father, and to his mother, and saith, 'A woman I have seen in Timnath, of the daughters of the Philistines ; and now, take her for me for a wife.'
3 And his father saith to him — also his mother, 'Is there not among the daughters of thy brethren, and among all my people, a woman, that thou art going to take a woman from the uncircumcised Philistines ?' and Samson saith unto his father, 'Take her for me, for she is right in mine eyes.'
4 And his father and his mother have not known that from Jehovah it [is], that a meeting he is seeking of the Philistines ; and at that time the Philistines are ruling over Israel.
Note · Juges 14.1–4
Le désir de Samson n’est pas la seule voix du récit
Les parents contestent son choix ; Samson insiste ; le narrateur ajoute une perspective sur l’affrontement avec les Philistins. Il faut distinguer ces trois niveaux. Dire que Dieu agit dans une histoire ne suffit pas à faire des préférences du personnage une règle de choix conjugal ni à légitimer toute action qu’il entreprendra ensuite.
5 And Samson goeth down — also his father and his mother, to Timnath, and they come unto the vineyards of Timnath, and lo, a lion's whelp roareth at meeting him,
6 and the Spirit of Jehovah prospereth over him, and he rendeth it as the rending of a kid, and there is nothing in his hand, and he hath not declared to his father and to his mother that which he hath done.
7 And he goeth down and speaketh to the woman, and she is right in the eyes of Samson ;
8 and he turneth back after [some] days to take her, and turneth aside to see the carcase of the lion, and lo, a company of bees [are] in the body of the lion — and honey.
9 And he taketh it down on to his hands, and goeth on, going and eating ; and he goeth unto his father, and unto his mother, and giveth to them, and they eat, and he hath not declared to them that from the body of the lion he took down the honey.
Note · Juges 14.5–9
Le secret du lion prépare l’énigme et pose la question de la consécration
La force reçue de l’Esprit sauve Samson devant le lion, puis le miel trouvé dans son corps est partagé sans en dire l’origine. La proximité d’une carcasse fait entendre les questions de pureté des lois bibliques, notamment Lévitique 11. Le récit ne décrit toutefois pas un jugement divin explicite à cet endroit : il faut éviter d’en inventer un.
10 And his father goeth down unto the woman, and Samson maketh there a banquet, for so the young men do ;
11 and it cometh to pass when they see him, that they take thirty companions, and they are with him.
12 And Samson saith to them, 'Let me, I pray you, put forth to you a riddle ; if ye certainly declare it to me [in] the seven days of the banquet, and have found [it] out, then I have given to you thirty linen shirts, and thirty changes of garments ;
13 and if ye are not able to declare [it] to me, then ye have given to me thirty linen shirts, and thirty changes of garments.' And they say to him, 'Put forth thy riddle, and we hear it !'
14 And he saith to them : 'Out of the eater came forth meat, And out of the strong came forth sweetness ;' and they were not able to declare the riddle [in] three days.
15 And it cometh to pass, on the seventh day, that they say to Samson's wife, 'Entice thy husband, that he declare to us the riddle, lest we burn thee and the house of thy father with fire ; to possess us have ye called for us ? is it not ?'
16 And Samson's wife weepeth for it, and saith, 'Thou hast only hated me, and hast not loved me ; the riddle thou hast put forth to the sons of my people — and to me thou hast not declared it ;' and he saith to her, 'Lo, to my father and to my mother I have not declared [it] — and to thee I declare [it] !'
17 And she weepeth for it the seven days [in] which their banquet hath been, and it cometh to pass on the seventh day that he declareth [it] to her, for she hath distressed him ; and she declareth the riddle to the sons of her people.
18 And the men of the city say to him on the seventh day, before the sun goeth in : — 'What [is] sweeter than honey ? And what stronger than a lion ?' And he saith to them : 'Unless ye had ploughed with my heifer, Ye had not found out my riddle.'
Note · Juges 14.10–18
La femme agit sous une menace que le lecteur connaît
Les compagnons promettent de la brûler avec la maison de son père s’ils ne trouvent pas la solution. Ses demandes pressantes ne doivent donc pas être résumées comme une ruse féminine sans contexte. L’énigme lie l’honneur et les biens à une information inaccessible, puis fait payer à cette femme le conflit entre les hommes.
19 And the Spirit of Jehovah prospereth over him, and he goeth down to Ashkelon, and smiteth of them thirty men, and taketh their armour, and giveth the changes to those declaring the riddle ; and his anger burneth, and he goeth up to the house of his father ;
20 and Samson's wife becometh his companion's, who [is] his friend.
Note · Juges 14.19–20
La force reçue n’efface pas les morts employés pour payer le pari
Le narrateur mentionne à nouveau l’Esprit, mais raconte aussi la colère de Samson, la mort des trente hommes et la rupture de la noce. Aucun tort personnel de ces hommes n’est détaillé pour justifier leur utilisation comme source de vêtements. La femme est ensuite donnée à un autre sans que sa propre décision soit racontée.