1 And Jehovah speaketh unto Moses, saying,
2 'Command the sons of Israel, and they bring unto thee pure olive oil, beaten, for the lamp, to cause a light to go up continually ;
3 at the outside of the vail of the testimony in the tent of meeting doth Aaron arrange it from evening till morning before Jehovah continually — a statute age-during to your generations ;
4 by the pure candlestick he doth arrange the lights before Jehovah continually.
5 'And thou hast taken flour, and hast baked twelve cakes with it, two tenth deals are in the one cake,
6 and thou hast set them two ranks (six in the rank) on the pure table before Jehovah,
7 and thou hast put on the rank pure frankincense, and it hath been to the bread for a memorial, a fire-offering to Jehovah.
8 'On each sabbath-day he arrangeth it before Jehovah continually, from the sons of Israel — a covenant age-during ;
9 and it hath been to Aaron, and to his sons, and they have eaten it in the holy place, for it [is] most holy to him, from the fire-offerings of Jehovah — a statute age-during.'
Note · Lévitique 24.1–9
La fidélité comporte des gestes répétés
Les lampes sont entretenues et les pains sont disposés régulièrement. La mémoire des douze tribus prend une forme matérielle. Le service ne vit pas seulement de grands événements ; il repose aussi sur des tâches dont la régularité soutient la relation commune.
10 And a son of an Israelitish woman goeth out (and he [is] son of an Egyptian man), in the midst of the sons of Israel, and strive in the camp do the son of the Israelitish woman and a man of Israel,
11 and the son of the Israelitish woman execrateth the Name, and revileth ; and they bring him in unto Moses ; and his mother's name [is] Shelomith daughter of Dibri, of the tribe of Dan ;
12 and he causeth him to rest in charge — to explain to them by the mouth of Jehovah.
13 And Jehovah speaketh unto Moses, saying,
14 'Bring out the reviler unto the outside of the camp ; and all those hearing have laid their hands on his head, and all the company have stoned him.
15 'And unto the sons of Israel thou dost speak, saying, When any man revileth his God — then he hath borne his sin ;
16 and he who is execrating the name of Jehovah is certainly put to death ; all the company do certainly cast stones at him ; as a sojourner so a native, in his execrating the Name, is put to death.
Note · Lévitique 24.10–16
Un conflit conduit à un examen avant la décision
L’homme est gardé dans l’attente d’une parole de jugement. Sa double ascendance est mentionnée sans que cela permette d’attribuer sa faute à une origine étrangère. Le récit rapporte ensuite une sentence capitale : la gravité de cette violence ne doit pas être rendue invisible par un langage adouci.
17 'And when a man smiteth any soul of man, he is certainly put to death.
18 'And he who smiteth a beast repayeth it, body for body.
19 'And when a man putteth a blemish in his fellow, as he hath done so it is done to him ;
20 breach for breach, eye for eye, tooth for tooth ; as he putteth a blemish in a man so it is done in him.
21 'And he who smiteth a beast repayeth it, and he who smiteth [the life of] man is put to death ;
22 one judgment is to you ; as a sojourner so is a native ; for I [am] Jehovah your God.'
23 And Moses speaketh unto the sons of Israel, and they bring out the reviler unto the outside of the camp, and stone him with stones ; and the sons of Israel have done as Jehovah hath commanded Moses.
Note · Lévitique 24.17–23
La proportion n’est pas une invitation à se venger
La série sur les blessures exige une correspondance entre dommage et réponse dans un cadre de jugement. Le rappel d’une même règle pour l’étranger et l’autochtone s’oppose à une justice selon l’appartenance. Jésus reprend la formule de réciprocité en Matthieu 5.38-42 ; cette lecture chrétienne doit être distinguée d’une application privée et violente du talion.