1 And it cometh to pass, after [some] days, in the days of wheat-harvest, that Samson looketh after his wife, with a kid of the goats, and saith, 'I go in unto my wife, to the inner chamber ;' and her father hath not permitted him to go in,

2 and her father saith, I certainly said, that thou didst certainly hate her, and I give her to thy companion ; is not her sister — the young one — better than she ? Let her be, I pray thee, to thee, instead of her.'

3 And Samson saith of them, 'I am more innocent this time than the Philistines, though I am doing with them evil.'

4 And Samson goeth and catcheth three hundred foxes, and taketh torches, and turneth tail unto tail, and putteth a torch between the two tails, in the midst,

5 and kindleth fire in the torches, and sendeth [them] out into the standing corn of the Philistines, and burneth [it] from heap even unto standing corn, even unto vineyard — olive-yard.

6 And the Philistines say, 'Who hath done this ?' And they say, 'Samson, son-in-law of the Timnite, because he hath taken away his wife, and giveth her to his companion ;' and the Philistines go up, and burn her and her father with fire.

7 And Samson saith to them, 'Though ye do thus, nevertheless I am avenged on you, and afterwards I cease !'

8 And he smiteth them hip and thigh — a great smiting, and goeth down and dwelleth in the cleft of the rock Etam.

Note · Juges 15.1–8

La femme ne doit pas disparaître derrière la querelle des hommes

Son père propose sa sœur comme substitut, puis Samson incendie les ressources agricoles à l’aide d’animaux attachés. Les Philistins brûlent ensuite la femme et son père : la menace du chapitre précédent se réalise. Le texte ne donne pas à ces violences le caractère d’une justice mesurée, et la mort de la femme ne doit pas être traitée comme un simple ressort d’aventure.

9 And the Philistines go up, and encamp in Judah, and are spread out in Lehi,

10 and the men of Judah say, 'Why have ye come up against us ?' and they say, 'To bind Samson we have come up, to do to him as he hath done to us.'

11 And three thousand men of Judah go down unto the cleft of the rock Etam, and say to Samson, 'Hast thou now known that the Philistines are rulers over us ? and what [is] this thou hast done to us ?' And he saith to them, 'As they did to me, so I did to them.'

12 And they say to him, 'To bind thee we have come down — to give thee into the hand of the Philistines.' And Samson saith to them, 'Swear to me, lest ye fall upon me yourselves.'

13 And they speak to him, saying, No, but we certainly bind thee, and have given thee into their hand, and we certainly do not put thee to death ;' and they bind him with two thick bands, new ones, and bring him up from the rock.

Note · Juges 15.9–13

La paix sous domination peut conduire à livrer celui qui dérange

Les hommes de Juda reconnaissent l’autorité philistine et reprochent à Samson ses conséquences pour eux. Il accepte d’être lié à condition de ne pas être tué par eux. Le récit expose la peur et les compromis du groupe sans raconter ici une solidarité nationale semblable aux mobilisations des premiers juges.

14 He hath come unto Lehi — and the Philistines have shouted at meeting him — and the Spirit of Jehovah prospereth over him, and the thick bands which [are] on his arms are as flax which they burn with fire, and his bands are wasted from off his hands,

15 and he findeth a fresh jaw-bone of an ass, and putteth forth his hand and taketh it, and smiteth with it — a thousand men.

16 And Samson saith, 'With a jaw-bone of the ass — an ass upon asses — with a jaw-bone of the ass I have smitten a thousand men.'

17 And it cometh to pass when he finisheth speaking, that he casteth away the jaw-bone out of his hand, and calleth that place Ramath-Lehi ;

Note · Juges 15.14–17

Le chant de force ne raconte pas toute la délivrance

L’Esprit vient sur Samson, ses liens cèdent et une mâchoire devient une arme. Son bref poème célèbre le nombre des morts et joue sur le nom de l’âne. L’improvisation et l’excès appartiennent au récit ; ils ne transforment pas la violence individuelle en pratique d’évangélisation ni en preuve de maturité spirituelle.

18 and he thirsteth exceedingly, and calleth unto Jehovah, and saith, 'Thou — Thou hast given by the hand of Thy servant this great salvation ; and now, I die with thirst, and have fallen into the hand of the uncircumcised.'

19 And God cleaveth the hollow place which [is] in Lehi, and waters come out of it, and he drinketh, and his spirit cometh back, and he reviveth ; therefore hath [one] called its name 'The fountain of him who is calling,' which [is] in Lehi unto this day.

20 And he judgeth Israel in the days of the Philistines twenty years.

Note · Juges 15.18–20

Celui qui a vaincu doit encore recevoir de quoi boire

La soif atteint Samson après l’exploit. Il reconnaît la délivrance reçue et demande de ne pas mourir ; Dieu donne de l’eau. Cette vulnérabilité corrige l’image d’un héros autosuffisant. La notice de ses vingt années situe son rôle au temps des Philistins, sans annoncer la disparition définitive de leur domination.