1 And Joshua the son of Nun sent out of Shittim two men as spies secretly, saying, Go, view the land, and Jericho. And they went and came into the house of a harlot whose name was Rahab, and lay there.
2 And it was told the king of Jericho, saying, Behold, there came men in hither to-night of the children of Israel to search out the land.
3 And the king of Jericho sent unto Rahab, saying, Bring forth the men that are come to thee, that are entered into thy house ; for they are come to search out all the land.
4 And the woman took the two men, and hid them ; and she said, Yea, the men came unto me, but I knew not whence they were :
5 and it came to pass about the time of the shutting of the gate, when it was dark, that the men went out ; whither the men went I know not : pursue after them quickly ; for ye will overtake them.
6 But she had brought them up to the roof, and hid them with the stalks of flax, which she had laid in order upon the roof.
7 And the men pursued after them the way to the Jordan unto the fords : and as soon as they that pursued after them were gone out, they shut the gate.
Note · Josué 2.1–7
Une personne marginalisée devient l’actrice principale
Rahab cache les hommes et détourne les recherches. Le texte ne réduit pas son rôle à celui d’un hébergement commode pour des héros masculins. Son mensonge appartient à une situation de danger ; le récit ne formule pas une règle autorisant toute tromperie dès qu’une personne prétend poursuivre une bonne cause.
8 And before they were laid down, she came up unto them upon the roof ;
9 and she said unto the men, I know that Jehovah hath given you the land, and that the fear of you is fallen upon us, and that all the inhabitants of the land melt away before you.
10 For we have heard how Jehovah dried up the water of the Red Sea before you, when ye came out of Egypt ; and what ye did unto the two kings of the Amorites, that were beyond the Jordan, unto Sihon and to Og, whom ye utterly destroyed.
11 And as soon as we had heard it, our hearts did melt, neither did there remain any more spirit in any man, because of you : for Jehovah your God, he is God in heaven above, and on earth beneath.
12 Now therefore, I pray you, swear unto me by Jehovah, since I have dealt kindly with you, that ye also will deal kindly with my father’s house, and give me a true token ;
13 and that ye will save alive my father, and my mother, and my brethren, and my sisters, and all that they have, and will deliver our lives from death.
14 And the men said unto her, Our life for yours, if ye utter not this our business ; and it shall be, when Jehovah giveth us the land, that we will deal kindly and truly with thee.
Note · Josué 2.8–14
La reconnaissance de Dieu conduit à demander une fidélité concrète
Rahab relie ce qu’elle a entendu de l’Exode à sa demande de survie pour ses proches. Les envoyés répondent par une promesse engageant leur propre vie. Hébreux 11.31 et Jacques 2.25 relisent son accueil comme une expression de foi agissante ; ils ne font pas de sa situation sociale un obstacle à cette reconnaissance.
15 Then she let them down by a cord through the window : for her house was upon the side of the wall, and she dwelt upon the wall.
16 And she said unto them, Get you to the mountain, lest the pursuers light upon you ; and hide yourselves there three days, until the pursuers be returned : and afterward may ye go your way.
17 And the men said unto her, We will be guiltless of this thine oath which thou hast made us to swear.
18 Behold, when we come into the land, thou shalt bind this line of scarlet thread in the window which thou didst let us down by : and thou shalt gather unto thee into the house thy father, and thy mother, and thy brethren, and all thy father’s household.
19 And it shall be, that whosoever shall go out of the doors of thy house into the street, his blood shall be upon his head, and we shall be guiltless : and whosoever shall be with thee in the house, his blood shall be on our head, if any hand be upon him.
20 But if thou utter this our business, then we shall be guiltless of thine oath which thou hast made us to swear.
21 And she said, According unto your words, so be it. And she sent them away, and they departed : and she bound the scarlet line in the window.
Note · Josué 2.15–21
Le signe rend une maison identifiable
La corde de descente et le cordon cramoisi sont intégrés à une consigne de protection. Les proches doivent être rassemblés dans la maison. Une lecture chrétienne peut proposer un rapprochement symbolique avec le salut, mais le texte ne dit pas explicitement que la couleur serait une prédiction du sang du Christ, ni que l’objet aurait une efficacité magique.
22 And they went, and came unto the mountain, and abode there three days, until the pursuers were returned : and the pursuers sought them throughout all the way, but found them not.
23 Then the two men returned, and descended from the mountain, and passed over, and came to Joshua the son of Nun ; and they told him all that had befallen them.
24 And they said unto Joshua, Truly Jehovah hath delivered into our hands all the land ; and moreover all the inhabitants of the land do melt away before us.
Note · Josué 2.22–24
Le rapport des espions porte la trace d’une rencontre
Les hommes reviennent en rapportant la peur des habitants et leur confiance dans l’issue de la mission. Ils doivent leur retour à celle qui les a accueillis. Le lecteur connaît ainsi une personne de Jéricho avant de lire le récit de sa destruction : la population menacée ne peut être pensée seulement comme un décor sans visage.