Genèse 16

¹ Now Abram’s wife Sarai had borne him no children, but she had an Egyptian maidservant named Hagar.

² So Sarai said to Abram, “Look now, the LORD has prevented me from bearing children. Please go to my maidservant; perhaps I can build a family by her.” And Abram listened to the voice of Sarai.

³ So after he had lived in Canaan for ten years, his wife Sarai took her Egyptian maidservant Hagar and gave her to Abram to be his wife.

⁴ And he slept with Hagar, and she conceived. But when Hagar realized that she was pregnant, she began to despise her mistress.

⁵ Then Sarai said to Abram, “May the wrong done to me be upon you! I delivered my servant into your arms, and ever since she saw that she was pregnant, she has treated me with contempt. May the LORD judge between you and me.”

⁶ “Here,” said Abram, “your servant is in your hands. Do whatever you want with her.” Then Sarai treated Hagar so harshly that she fled from her.

Note · Genèse 16.1–6

Un arrangement dont une autre paie le prix

Agar entre dans le projet familial sans que son accord soit rapporté. Après sa grossesse, la tension entre les femmes conduit à son humiliation et à sa fuite. Abram laisse Saraï exercer son pouvoir. Le récit met en lumière une situation de dépendance ; il ne propose pas une procédure de procréation ou de vie conjugale à suivre.

⁷ Now the angel of the LORD found Hagar by a spring of water in the desert—the spring along the road to Shur.

⁸ “Hagar, servant of Sarai,” he said, “where have you come from, and where are you going?” “I am running away from my mistress Sarai,” she replied.

⁹ So the angel of the LORD told her, “Return to your mistress and submit to her authority.”

¹⁰ Then the angel added, “I will greatly multiply your offspring so that they will be too numerous to count.”

Note · Genèse 16.7–10

Une rencontre dans la fuite

Le messager de Dieu nomme Agar et l’interroge sur sa route. L’ordre de retour appartient à cet épisode précis et s’accompagne d’une promesse. Il ne constitue pas une consigne universelle imposant aux personnes victimes de violences de rejoindre leur agresseur ou de rester sans protection.

¹¹ The angel of the LORD proceeded: “Behold, you have conceived and will bear a son. And you shall name him Ishmael, for the LORD has heard your cry of affliction.

¹² He will be a wild donkey of a man, and his hand will be against everyone, and everyone’s hand against him; he will live in hostility toward all his brothers.”

¹³ So Hagar gave this name to the LORD who had spoken to her: “You are the God who sees me,” for she said, “Here I have seen the One who sees me!”

¹⁴ Therefore the well was called Beer-lahai-roi. It is located between Kadesh and Bered.

¹⁵ And Hagar bore Abram a son, and Abram gave the name Ishmael to the son she had borne.

¹⁶ Abram was eighty-six years old when Hagar bore Ishmael to him.

Note · Genèse 16.11–16

Un enfant entendu et une mère qui nomme

Le nom d’Ismaël est lié à l’écoute divine de la détresse d’Agar. Sa parole sur Dieu fait entrer son expérience dans le récit. Les annonces sur la vie de son fils ne justifient aucune essentialisation des peuples que des traditions ultérieures lui rattachent : aucun groupe humain ne reçoit ici une nature violente immuable.